A Comparison of the Decalogues of the Moses Scroll, Exodus 20, and Deuteronomy 5

MS #MS CommandExodus 20 CommandDeuteronomy 5 Command
II am Elohim, your Elohim who liberated
you from the land of Egypt, from a house
of servitude. There shall not be to you
other Elohim. You shall not make for
yourselves a carved thing or any formed
thing that is in the heavens above, or that is on the earth below, or that is in the
waters under the earth. You shall not bow down to them, and you shall not serve them.
I am Elohim your Elohim.
[2] “I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
[3] “You shall have no other gods before me.
[6] “‘I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
[7] “‘You shall have no other gods before me.
(The Exodus and Deuteronomy Ten Words consider the admonition to have one God, and not to make idols to other gods as two commands. The Moses Scroll treats them as one.)[4] “You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. [5] You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the LORD your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, [6] but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.[8] “‘You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. [9] You shall not bow down to them or serve them; for I the LORD your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, [10] but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.
VIIYou shall not respond against your brother
You shall not swear in My Name to deceive because I will avenge the iniquity of fathers upon children unto a third and unto a fourth for lifting My Name to
deceive. I am Elohim your Elohim.
[7] “You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain, for the LORD will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.[11] “‘You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain, for the LORD will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.
IISanctify [the seventh day, and you shall
cease on it
because in] six days I made the
heavens and the earth, and all that is in
them, and I ceased on the seventh day,
therefore you shall also cease, you and
your animal and all that is yours
. I am
Elohim your Elohim.
[8] “Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. [9] Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, [10] but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates. [11] For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.[12] “‘Observe the Sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the LORD your God commanded you. [13] Six days you shall labor and do all your work, [14] but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God. On it you shall not do any work, you or your son or your daughter or your male servant or your female servant, or your ox or your donkey or any of your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates, that your male servant and your female servant may rest as well as you. [15] You shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the LORD your God brought you out from there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. Therefore the LORD your God commanded you to keep the Sabbath day.
IIIHonor your father and your mother [thereby lengthening your days.] I am Elohim your Elohim.[12] “Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the LORD your God is giving you.[16] “‘Honor your father and your mother, as the LORD your God commanded you, that your days may be long, and that it may go well with you in the land that the LORD your God is giving you.
IVYou shall not kill the soul of your brother.
I am Elohim your Elohim.
13 You shall not murder.[17] “‘You shall not murder.
VYou shall not commit adultery with the
woman of your neighbor.
I am Elohim
your Elohim.
[14] “You shall not commit adultery.[18] “‘And you shall not commit adultery.
VIYou shall not steal the property of your
brother.
I am Elohim your Elohim.
15 You shall not steal[19] “‘And you shall not steal.
VIIIYou shall not respond against your brother
with a testimony of deceit
. I am Elohim
your Elohim.
[16] “You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.[20] “‘And you shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
IXYou shall not desire [your neighbor’s]
woman,
his servant, his maidservant, or anything that is his.
I am Elohim your Elohim.
[17] “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor’s.[21] “And you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. And you shall not desire your neighbor’s house, his field, or his male servant, or his female servant, his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor’s.’
XYou shall not hate your brother in your heart. I am Elohim your Elohim.
Comparison of the Decalogues of the Moses Scroll, Exodus 20, and Deuteronomy 5